Electric regulation.



No. 875,205. PATENTBD DB0. 31, 1907. M. MosKro WITZ. vELECTRIC REGULATION.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 5,1'906.

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estL' '.No. 875.205. Y' PATENTED DEG. 31, 1907.

M. mosxownz. ELECTRIC REGULATION.

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Moy'ms M05NOWT1-- Atys UNITED sTATns l 'PATENT onnron.

lMORRIS MOSKOWITZ, OF'NEW YORIQN,A Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE UNITED STATES LIGHT & HEATING COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIC REGULATION. v

city and State of yNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in .-Electric Regulation, of which the following receiving the bulk of the current.

is a `specification accompanied by drawings.

This invention relates to means for regulatlng 'electric circuits, more partlcularly ,j electriclamp'circuits when using a constant current machine and a storage battery in multiple. l

- vVhen a .constant current generator is used to charge a secondary battery with Va given amperage, and lamps are fed from the machine at the same tlrne, there is a variation in voltage due to the counter -electro-motive force of the storage battery. Ifthe lamps draw the full amount of current sup lied by ythe generator, andthe kbattery is on y floating on the line, the lam s will receive Ia voltage equal to that oft e'battery only. If the lamps are all turned off but one, and all the current less `that to supply the one lamp is forced through the battery, thel voltage across the brushes ofthe generator will rise enormously, which means destruction tothe. lamp. .If only half of the lamps are turned 0H the difference in volta e will not be so reat, but will still be too' hlgh for the lamps. ince the commercial incandescent lamp'is burning just below the point of destruction, lit is evident that an increase of voltage will materially shorten the life ofthe lamp.

One of the objects of the present invention isf'to automaticall compensate for any rise in voltage acro'ss .t e brushes of the machine, so that the lamps will receive approximately the same voltage. when all the lamps are used or if only one lamp remains burning and all the others are turned off,with the battery Another object of the invention s to iniprove upon the constructiony and o eration of means for regulating circuits ofyt e character described and increase their efiiciency land certaint' of operation.

- Further o jects of the invention will hereinafter' appear and to these endsthe invention consists of apparatus for carrying out ,the above objects embodying the, features of construction, combinations of elements andsrrangementof parts having the eneral modgipf operation substantially as erem- Speccation of Letters Patent. Application filed January 5,-1906. .Serial No. 294,717.'

l Patented Dec. 31, 1907.

after fully described and claimed in this speci- 'cation and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which,-

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of -circuits and apparatus for carrying out the invention; and Fig. 2 is another diagram of circuits and apparatus for carrying out the invention.

Referring to the drawings A represents a suitable constant current generator which may be driven from any suitable source of power, as for instance, an engine, or from the J'aide cfa car if the apparatus .is to be used for car lighting;

B re resents a storage battery connected in para lel wlth the generator A, and C represents the work circuit in which the load consists of theilamps D although other translating devices may be inserted in the work circuit.

E represents av suitable rheostat comprisingthe contacts E and resistance G inserted .in series with the work circuit C.

ingl spring Q is connected to the end ofthe lsion of the spring Q.

It will be observed that the series lwinding I on the solenoid H is connected in that branch of the circuit throu h which only the current that charges the attery B passes and the current for supplying the lamp .circuit C flows in a branch which includes the rheostat E, and thence through the lamps back to the generator. f

In the o eration of the apparatus, let it be assumedl tiat'the lamps `are using all of the currentsupplied by the generato! A, in which case no current will pass to the battery B from the generator A., and therefore no current will be passing through the series winding I. Under these conditions the core K of magnet H willbe normally-retracted b the spring Q--and allgof the resistance G w' be cut'outof the work circuit C. Current will pass from` .thapositive brush 1 of gener-' f 19,

ator A by Wire 2 to the point O, thence, still by Wire 2, ,along the lever` L to one of the contacts F, thence, still by wire 2, to the Work circuit C, through the lamps D and out by Wire 3 and back to the negative brush 4 ofthe generator A. A portion of the current is shunted throu h the shunt Winding J on the core K, but t is winding is not.powerful enough to overcome the retractive force of the spring Q, and therefore the core K is maintained in its uppermost position and the resistance G is cut out of the eircuit.- The normal voltage which corresponds to the voltage of the storage battery in its normal condition when not under charge Will be impressed across the lamp circuit C.

If all the lamps were turned ofi but one and assuming that the klamps draw one ampere each, thenone and a fraction of amperes would pass through the lamp which remains burnin and the remainder of the current would e forced through the battery. The maximum currentnoW passing through the battery energizes the series Winding I on magnet H because some of the current flows from the positive brush l of generator A, through Wire 2 to the point 5, thence, by Wire 6, through winding I and by Wire 6 to and through the storage battery B, and back by Wires 7 and 3 to the negative brush 4 of the generator A. The series lwinding I' thus energized acts cumulatively with the shunt winding J upon the core K of magnet H, and said core is drawn into the magnet against the force of the spring Q, thereby introducing resistance G'into the Work circuit C, and thus maintaining the proper voltage at the terminal of the last remaining lamp. If only half of the lamps were turned oi'I, only a portion of the resistance G would be cut into circuit in accordance with the requirements of the remaining lamps. It is understood that the core K vmay operate against the tension of the lspring Q or against a predetermined Weight to bring the lever L back to normal position.

The function of the shunt winding J on the magnet H is to neutralize the eiect of the series Winding I on the magnet H When the lamps are being fed from the stora' e battery B instead of from the generator If the genq'ator A isat rest, asfor instance, .in railway car lighting from thev axle When the car is stopped, the battery will discharge through the lam circuit C and the current in the series Win d I will be in an opposite direction to that in Which it flowed When current Was passing tol the batte Under these circumstances the coils I an J act. differentially because the current is always in the same direction'through the shunt coil J when the source of current is the generator Aer the storage battery B. The dliferential action of the coils I and J prevents the lunger or core K from being ,attracted and t erefore the resistance G is not cut into the circuit as wvould otherwise happen if it Were not for the provision of the'shunt Winding J. It is to be understood that the shunt Winding J may be connected directly across the battery circuit if desired.

In Fig. 2 the lever It is pivoted at S and provided with a rheostat arm T which sweeps over the contacts F. The lunger K of ma net H is pivoted at one en of lever R, W'hi e the plunger or core U of magnetV is pivoted at the other end of the lever, magnet V is provided with a Winding Win series with the series Winding I on magnet H.

. In the operation of the apparatus when the generator A supplies the amount of current-necessary to feed the 1am s, no current passes through the battery an therefore no current passes through the series coils W and I on the magnets V and H. Current passes to the lamps from the positive brush l of generator A, through Wire 2 to the oint S, from thence, still by Wire 2, throug one of the contacts F, thence, still by wire 2, to the Work circuit C, through the lamps D and out by Wire 3 to the negative brush 4 of the generator A. A ortion of this current is shunted throu the shunt Winding J on magnet H, which is thereby energized and attracts the core K, thereby cutting the resistance G out of circuit and permittin the full current to pass to the lamps D. en the machine A generates more current than the lamps consume ,',or when a large number of lamps are turned off, the additional current passing throughthe battery raises the voltage at the battery terminals and conseuently on the lamp circuit, in which case t e apparatus protects the lamps. The current passing to the battery must first pass through the windings W and I on the magnets V and H. Under these circumstances the magnets J and H act diferentialiy and resistance is cut into the circuit. Current passes from the point 5 on Wire 2, through Winding W of magnet V, thence, by Wire 5,

through Winding I of magnet H, thence through the battery and back by Wire 6 and wire 3 to the generator. Under these circumstances the coils I and J on magnet H act differentially, thereby weakening magnetI H and'the stronger magnet V thereby attracts its plunger' U, thus rocking the lever R in a direction to cut resistance G into the circuit.C. When the current from the generator'A falls there will be less current passing through-the series coils I on magnet H, thus permitting the attractive force of'said magnet to become stronger and resistance is vcut outv of the circuit C.

out of the circuit C with the normal number p of lamps. When the battery supplies current vvreversed from that already described, and

underthese circumstances the coils I and J on magnet H act cumulatively instead of differentially, therefore magnet H is stronger' than magnet V and' the rheostat arm- T is maintained in a Obviously some features of this invention may be used without others and the invention may be embodied in widely varying forms, therefore, Withoutlimiting the invention to the devices shown and described', and without enumerating equivalents, I claim and desire to obtain'by Letters Patentthe following:

1. The combination of `a generator, a storage battery in multiple therewith, a

' Work circuit, means for varying the voltage ofl the work circuit, and opposing electroresponsive.. devices controlling said voltage position to cut resistance Gry 'out of the circuit.

varying means, one of said devices being compound wound and each having a coil in the battery circuit.

2. The combination of a generator, a storage battery in multiple therewith, a work circuit, means for varying the voltage of the work circuit, and opposing electro- ,responsive devices controlling said voltage4 varying means, one of said devices being compound wound and each having 4a coil in the battery circuit, the coils of the compound wound device acting cumulatively or dierentially according to the direction of current in the series coil. I

Intestimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribe ing witnesses.

' MORRIS MOSKOWITZ- Witnesses:

' E. VAN ZANDT,

A. L. OBRIEN'. 

